Costs

Costs of Personnel:

If you were to have a professional budget then you would follow these prices roughly for the daily and weekly prices of a Camera Operator, Lighting Camera, Editor and Sound Recordist.

After vigorously researching and looking into the rates at BECTU which stands for Broadcasting, Entertaining, Cinematography and Theatre Union, I can see that they have provided me with the information in which shows the costs/ recommended amount to spend on daily and weekly rates of crew which would be working around 10 hours daily and overall 6 days a week. 

In terms of the Camera Operator:

The prices for Daily were around £371 - £620
The prices for Weekly were around £2,226 - £3,720

In terms of the Lighting Camera:

The prices for Daily were around £373 - £1,169
The prices for Weekly were around £2,238 - £7,014

In terms of the Editor:

The prices for Daily were around £157 - £176
The prices for Weekly were around £942 - £1,056

And lastly, with the Sound Recordist:

The prices for Daily were around £214 - £240
The prices for Weekly were around £1,284 - £1,440

Risk Assesment

Risk Assessments are important for not only your crew but for everyone involved within a production. This will allow everyone to be aware of the potential risks which are there within a production. An example of a couple risks which could potentially be there would be perhaps;

Wet floors, wires...

Here is an example

HAZARD	WHO IS AT RISK?	CONTROLS	SEVERITY OF INJURY	CHANCE OF INJURY	RISK	ADDITIONAL CONTROL MEASURES
Falling from height	Camera operator	Scaffold erected by competent contractor to industry standard. Guard-rails, mid-rails and toeboards in place. Safe access to platform.	Serious	Low	Low	Access onto mobile tower platform restricted to camera operator. Camera operator instructed not to lean over or stand on guard-rails.
Falling objects and equipment	People at ground level	Guard-rails, mid-rails and toeboards in place.	Serious	Low	Low	All equipment Secured to scaffold. No loose items. Barriers and warning signs erected to restrict access below tower scaffold.
Scaffold falling over	People at ground level	Scaffold erected and regularly inspected by competent contractor.	Serious	Low	Low	Scaffold checked before use. Scaffold not to be used in event of bad weather.

The full example will be available with the link below. 

https://www.filmsourcing.com/film-production-risk-assessment/

Costume

Costume is an important part in any production. It enables us to know about the period of the action is happening in and informs us about key areas of representation such as age, gender, sexuality, regional identity, ethnicity, class and status and ability and disability. 

Filmmakers use costume to construct specific representations of individuals types and groups.

Some costumes are made specifically for a production. However, sometimes costumes are hired. 

On low budget productions like the one I am engaged within, actors will often be encouraged to select from their own wardrobe. 

Costume houses exist to provide costumes to the film and threate industries. 

Costume Houses in my area:
- National Threatre Costume Hire
- Costume Studio
- Cosprop

Here is a company in which I have researched which produces costumes for the TV & Film industry I believe this company will be suitable for the production of my film because they have featured many popular TV shows and Hollywood movies. 

Insider: "As Halloween draws close, one North London family is busier than ever."

Tim Angel is the chairmain of a costumer production company which was founded by his great-great-great grandfather Daniel in 1840. 
- This company had created outfits for many film franchises such as Star Wars, Game of Thrones and Bridget Jones etc. 

Within February 2016 the firm won a BAFTA for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema. Also overall the company has won 36 Oscars for their amazing costume designs. 

The company recently began to work with Netflix, this organisation is currently producing desings for the show "Darkest Hour", a original netflix series charting the life of Sir Winston Churchill. 
Angel states that "It's a very sexy business" when Insider asked what their overall view was on the company. 

Bibliography:

Wars', Inside. "Inside The Giant Costume Warehouse That Dresses Actors For 'Game Of Thrones' And 'Star Wars'". INSIDER. N.p., 2016. Web. 9 Nov. 2016.
http://www.thisisinsider.com/meet-the-family-that-makes-costumes-for-oscar-winning-films-2016-10

Post-Production Equipment

In this post I will be sharing the Post-Production process and what is involved within this stage.

What is Post-Production?
- Post-Production is when work is being done on a film or recording when the film or recording has already taken place.

By this stage the team will have formed and included a Producer, Director, Production Designer, Director of Photography (DOP), Sound and Editor.
- The producer is responsible for the overall organisation of the production including working with the Director and Production Designer to finalise the intial locations and actors which would represent and tell the story in the script.
- The Director would take on the overall creative role and responsiblity of the production, which involves the style of shooting and editing, working together with actors to deliver the overall story in the script includes conveying the emotion and dynamic of the characters.

According to raindance there are 13 steps of the Post-Production:

Pick an editing format

Hire a picture editor

Hire a sound editor

Do ADR

Do Foley

Secure music

Do re-recording/ the mix

Get an M&E

Get your titles

Get a DCP

Get a dialogue script

Get a campaign image

Get a trailer

Bibliography:
"The 13 Steps Of Post-Production - Raindance". Raindance. N.p., 2016. Web. 9 Nov. 2016.http://www.raindance.org/the-13-steps-of-post-production/

Ltd, White. "The Production Process | Media Student's Book". Mediastudentsbook.com. N.p., 2016. Web. 9 Nov. 2016.
http://www.mediastudentsbook.com/content/production-process

Introductory to Personnel

Recruiting the best cast and crew is really important for any media industry production, it helps if they are working together to suggest they are the 'best team'. A production runs smoothly when individual members gel and work well as a group/ team. 

However, on a small production like the one I will be involved within the size of the team is going to be significantly smaller than that for a feature film project. 

My other posts in this section deal with my own recruitment where I have chosen my own team for my media project. This required lots of research into individuals and their own skill sets and which would be most useful within the production of my project. Making decisions involved in key roles, and most resourceful way to construct my team. 

Checking availability and ensuring that people are prepared and understand they will be working without pay. 

Production Equipment

What is it?
- Production equipment refers to equipment which is being used on set, this includes any equipment which is needed to film. For example:

Lights	Light stands
Generator	Filters
Gels and diffusion	Grip stands
Reflectors	Accessories

Grip equipment:

- The Grip equipment department on a film set are directed by the films key grip. The grips have two main functions.

- The first is to work with the camera department closely to be able to prove camera aid, this would be just encase the camera is mounted to a dolly, crane, or in a position not usually used. 

Equipment:

Crane	Tracking Vehicles	Remote Heads	Jimmy
Jib	Jib Arms	Easy Rig	Dollies

A camera package would include:

Camera	Lenses
Filters	Tripods

Whereas Camera Movement includes:

Dolly

Track

Sound Equipment includes:

Sound Recording Unit	Headphones	Microphones
Mic holders	Cables

Archive/ Library/ Self-generated/ Archive and Internet Materials, Property Rights and Copyrights

Different Materials:

An emmsence history of materials produced for use within film means that now exist archives that can be resourced for new productions. What follows here is research into the kind of things which are provided within archive material and it's uses. 

Archive Material:
- This is old materialised footage which has been used in previous production from the vast amount of genres.
- When someone or something is being used to create a film. This would be when Senna had been used to create a film directly about him.

Who uses it?
- Documentary film makers generally rather to use this footage, as it allows them to authenticate their narratives.

An example of Archive Material would be:

- The Cove. The footage from the archived material was used to expose the suffering of dolphins from Japanese fishermen. The footage which was displayed allowed the audience to feel the impact of what the fishermen have been doing to the dolphins. The slaughtering of dolphins displays and makes the audience understand that is is happening.

Library Material:
This refers to material effects.
- When the filming stage is complete within a production the wild tracks of non dialogue is completed by the company in which it was produced from. 
- Many productions choose to collect and build up a library of sounds over the decades. 
- Companies in the larger spotlight tend to sell what they own in their libraries of sounds to obtain a profit.
- Archives of video materials tend to be in companies collections and are often referred as [action essentials].

The website [prosoundeffects]offer a wide range of Sound effects libraries, but prices aren't cheap, it tend to become more expensive the larger the memory filled with sounds. 

http://www.prosoundeffects.com/ 
- This comes to $3,995,00 and they provide different purchase options.
There are many other websites which offer bundles depending on genre of sounds and how popular, so prices vary. 

Self-generated materials:
- This is where anything created for a production this may include sound and video creations.
- Constructing props - in house for production companies costs a lot of money to make. It would be more effective to export props from a prop house as it would save time and money. 

Archive Material:
- This involves old and already used footage which has been used within film productions. Documentary makers often use this so that they can use real footage to make the overall documentary more authentic.

Internet:

- The internet is the way to conduct Secondary Research, the internet offers cleared sounds and effects for your short film. 

For my movie I would choose to use
http://soundbible.com/free-sound-effects-1.html
This would be for sound and effects they offer a wide range in which I can use for completely no fee. 

If I were to use this site I would be able to even create my own sound library for no cost and it would save time.

Property Rights and Copyright conditions:
- With existing company material if you wanted to use it you would have to get their permission and there may be a charge involved.
- However, everything in which you use you need to have permission as if you don't and your film is published this could cause problems. 
For example:
- If someone has created something such as sound or an effect and it is copyrighted you cannot use it without consent.